Review of the impact of urban mobility

Abstract

The management in Urban Mobility implies a challenge for practically all the countries of the world. Due to the growth of the population of the main cities, a large number of people have been forced to concentrate in strategic sectors, in search of better conditions, labor and educational opportunities that benefit the quality of life. Statistical data certify that in Madrid from 2008 to 2018, the population increased by 4.4% (6,120,254 inhabitants), while in Barcelona for the same range of years, the population increased by 3.6% (5,108,383 inhabitants). Now, pointing to Latin American cities such as SÍ£o Paulo, Mexico, Bogota, Lima, Buenos Aires and Rio, the situation is similar, where urban agglomerations have reached up to 20 million inhabitants. As a consequence of this overpopulation, problems of collective displacement arise, increase of travel time from origins to destinations, multiplication of trips by means of public transport, excessive vehicular traffic in peak hours, insecurity for users, traffic accidents which causes the increase in mortality rates, acoustic and environmental pollution, among others. In order to safeguard the integrity of social groups and provide a solution to this problem, a variety of opinions and attempts have been generated to harmonize the integral transportation system, with a sustainable approach, raising awareness of the use of transport means, reducing the number of vehicles traveling on the roads, using equipment with alternative technologies and sources, improving road infrastructure and signage. However, the various solution criteria have not achieved the main objective of completely eradicating deficiencies in urban mobility. This work presents a general overview of the problem of urban mobility, and the main alternatives that have been proposed to find viable and sustainable solutions in the context of the development and vertiginous growth of current societies.